The Jefferson Madison Letters
For fifty years, Thomas Jefferson and James Madison wrote to each other — across an ocean, across a revolution, across the whole experiment of building a republic. Theirs was the most consequential friendship in American history, and most of it survives on paper: nearly 1,250 letters, written between 1776 and Jefferson's death in 1826.
We can't read all 1,250 together. So I've chosen thirty — the ones that carry the essentials: the argument that produced the Bill of Rights, the exchange over whether the earth belongs to the living, the building of a political party, two presidencies, the Missouri crisis, and the founding of the University of Virginia.
This is not a series about two men arguing. It is a series about two men building. When they disagreed — over a bill of rights, over how far one generation may bind the next — they did it as allies who trusted each other completely. And we do not look away from the contradiction at the center of it: they built a republic of liberty while living inside a republic of slavery.
In each episode, host Charlie Jett reads a single letter, sets its scene, and asks what it still has to teach us. A history lesson, from the founders themselves — one letter at a time.
Episodes
18 episodes
00 Take Care of Me When Dead
The Jefferson–Madison LettersFor fifty years, Thomas Jefferson and James Madison wrote to each other — across an ocean, across a revolution, across the whole experiment of building a republic. It was the most consequential friends...
01 Madison Asks a Favor, and It Becomes a Constitution
In this first letter of the series, a thirty-three-year-old James Madison writes from Orange, Virginia to Thomas Jefferson — then serving in the Continental Congress at Annapolis, a few days' ride away — in March 1784. Beneath a long disc...
02 Jefferson Defends a Rebellion
Writing from Paris on January 30, 1787, Thomas Jefferson responds to news of Shays's Rebellion — the armed uprising of debt-burdened Massachusetts farmers that alarmed the American political class. Where others saw proof that the union was fail...
03 Madison Sends the Constitution, and Mentions a Problem
On October 24, 1787, five weeks after the Constitutional Convention adjourned, James Madison sends Thomas Jefferson in Paris his complete account of how the Constitution was made — a letter so long he begs pardon midway for an "immoderate...
04 The People Are Entitled to a Bill of Rights
Writing from Paris on December 20, 1787, Thomas Jefferson replies to James Madison's account of the Constitutional Convention. He frames his response as a candid ledger — "what I like" and "what I do not like." Among what he likes: the se...
05 Madison Argues Against a Bill of Rights
Writing from New York on October 17, 1788 — ten months after Jefferson's “entitled to” letter, with the Constitution now ratified — James Madison makes the case against placing much faith in a bill of rights. His position is subtle: he has “alw...
06 Jefferson Convinces Madison
Writing from Paris on March 15, 1789 — having received Madison's “parchment barriers” letter only on February 23, after four months in transit — Thomas Jefferson answers his friend's skepticism about a bill of rights. He weighs Madison's ...
07 Jefferson On the Earth Belonging to the Living
This is a demonstration of true frienship and honest discourse.Writing from Paris on September 6, 1789 — the Bastille fallen, the French Revolution unfolding around him, his leave to sail home finally in hand — Thomas Jefferson sends Jam...
08 Madison On the Course of Human Affairs
A true friend responds with warmth and directness.Writing from New York on February 4, 1790, James Madison answers the boldest letter Jefferson ever sent him — the September 6, 1789 “earth belongs to the living” letter, which had f...
09 Madison on Maple Sugar, Bank Shares, and Public Plunder
Writing from New York on July 10, 1791, James Madison answers Jefferson's letter of July 6 with the second great errand of the correspondence — a meticulous price-and-supply report on maple sugar, part of Jefferson's hope that homegrown, ...
10 Jefferson on Pacificus, Genêt, and Taking Up the Pen
Writing on Sunday, July 7, 1793, from the edge of Philadelphia, Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson sends James Madison — home at Montpelier for the recess — the most famous marching order in the correspondence. Enclosing issues of Fenno'...
11 Jefferson on the Jay Treaty, Curtius and Camillus, and the Colossus
Writing from Monticello on September 21, 1795, at the height of the Jay Treaty storm, the retired Thomas Jefferson sends James Madison a dispatch from the pamphlet war. A box of Mathew Carey's treaty compendium has arrived from John Beckl...
12 Jefferson on Nails, Floors, and the Kentucky Resolves
Writing from Monticello on November 17, 1798, Vice President Thomas Jefferson sends James Madison a press copy of his secretly drafted Kentucky Resolutions — enclosed in a letter otherwise devoted to borrowing a carpenter and shipping for...
13 Jefferson on a Perfect Parity and the Scheme to Prevent an Election
On December 26, 1800, Vice President Jefferson reports to Madison that the electoral count stands at “a perfect parity between the two republican characters” — a tie with his own running mate, Aaron Burr — and that Federalists in t...
14 Jefferson on Refusing to Write What Everyone Is Waiting to Read
Ten days before the House convenes to break the electoral tie of 1800, Jefferson writes Madison a letter conspicuous for what it refuses to contain. Citing “the interception & publication of my letters” and the “obloquy” they h...
15 Jefferson on the 36th Ballot and the Vow He Had to Break
One day after the House of Representatives elected him President on the thirty-sixth ballot, Jefferson breaks his three-week-old vow of epistolary silence: “Notwithstanding the suspected infidelity of the post, I must ...
16 Jefferson on Louisiana and the Amendment at the Foot of the Page
Writing from Monticello on August 24, 1803 — weeks after news of the Louisiana Purchase reached Washington — President Jefferson works through State Department business with Madison and then turns to the acquisition's two great pro...